TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DAN KINERJA ORGANISASI: PERAN MEDIASI INOVASI PROSES DAN KAPABILITAS DINAMIS PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN DI INDONESIA

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between digital transformation and organizational performance in Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), with process innovation and dynamic capabilities as mediating variables. The research addresses the critical need for understanding how digital transformation initiatives translate into improved organizational outcomes in the context of emerging economies. Using a mixed-method approach, this study surveyed 180 managers from 45 Indonesian SOEs and conducted in-depth interviews with 24 senior executives. Data collection employed a stratified random sampling technique covering various sectors including telecommunications, energy, transportation, and banking. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24.0 was used to test the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that digital transformation has a significant positive effect on organizational performance (β=0.672, p<0.001), with process innovation (β=0.384, p<0.01) and dynamic capabilities (β=0.529, p<0.001) serving as significant mediators. The mediation analysis shows that process innovation mediates 37.2% of the digital transformation-performance relationship, while dynamic capabilities mediate 42.8%. The study also identifies digital leadership, organizational culture, and technology infrastructure as critical success factors. These findings provide valuable insights for SOE managers and policymakers in designing effective digital transformation strategies that enhance organizational performance through improved process innovation and dynamic capabilities development.